Performance in Scotland's high schools has slipped according to new international research on education.
The Pisa report measures education standards among nearly 700,000 15-year-olds worldwide.
The report shows a long-term decline in Scotland's performance in reading, maths and science.
Scottish ministers said Covid restrictions had a "profound impact" on education, and since the study there had been further evidence of recovery.
Within the UK's four devolved education systems, England was the highest achiever in all three subjects.
Wales was the lowest performing within the UK for all subjects, with Northern Ireland doing better than Scotland in maths and science, and Scotland outperforming Northern Ireland in reading.
The research also showed teenagers in the UK reported a high level of food poverty, with 11% of 15-year-olds skipping a meal at least once a week because of a lack of money.
