The Education Authority (EA) has inflicted too many "own goals" and is driven by "process" rather than the needs of pupils and schools, a major review has found.
The body has also shown aspects of "dysfunctional culture".
It is the first major investigation into the Education Authority's role and performance since it was established in 2015.
The review was commissioned by the Department of Education (DE).
Running to 170 pages, it was compiled by business advisory firm Baker Tilly Mooney Moore.